Nectar sugars and bird visitation define a floral niche for basidiomycetous yeast on the Canary Islands

  • \(\bf Background:\) Studies on the diversity of yeasts in floral nectar were first carried out in the late 19\(^{th}\) century. A narrow group of fermenting, osmophilous ascomycetes were regarded as exclusive specialists able to populate this unique and species poor environment. More recently, it became apparent that microorganisms might play an important role in the process of plant pollination. Despite the importance of these nectar dwelling yeasts, knowledge of the factors that drive their diversity and species composition is scarce. \(\bf Results:\) In this study, we linked the frequencies of yeast species in floral nectars from various host plants on the Canary Islands to nectar traits and flower visitors. We estimated the structuring impact of pollination syndromes (nectar volume, sugar concentration and sugar composition) on yeast diversity. The observed total yeast diversity was consistent with former studies, however, the present survey yielded additional basidiomycetous yeasts in unexpectedly high numbers. Our results show these basidiomycetes are significantly associated with ornithophilous flowers. Specialized ascomycetes inhabit sucrose-dominant nectars, but are surprisingly rare in nectar dominated by monosaccharides. \(\bf Conclusions:\) There are two conclusions from this study: (i) a shift of floral visitors towards ornithophily alters the likelihood of yeast inoculation in flowers, and (ii) low concentrated hexose-dominant nectar promotes colonization of flowers by basidiomycetes. In the studied floral system, basidiomycete yeasts are acknowledged as regular members of nectar. This challenges the current understanding that nectar is an ecological niche solely occupied by ascomycetous yeasts.

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Metadaten
Author:Moritz MittelbachGND, Andrey YurkovGND, Daniele NocentiniGND, Massimo NepiGND, Maximilian WeigendGND, Dominik BegerowORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-57711
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-015-0036-x
Parent Title (English):BMC ecology
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2018/06/27
Date of first Publication:2015/02/01
Publishing Institution:Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsbibliothek
Tag:Open Access Fonds
Basidiomycetes; Bird pollination; Boraginaceae; Canary Islands; Nectar-dwelling yeast
Volume:15
Issue:2
First Page:2-1
Last Page:2-13
Note:
Article Processing Charge funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Ruhr-Universität Bochum.

BMC ecology, Artikelnummer 2
Institutes/Facilities:Lehrstuhl für Evolution und Biodiversität der Pflanzen, Arbeitsgruppe Geobotanik
Dewey Decimal Classification:Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / Biowissenschaften, Biologie, Biochemie
open_access (DINI-Set):open_access
faculties:Fakultät für Biologie und Biotechnologie
Licence (English):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY 4.0 - Attribution 4.0 International