Neuron-glia interactions in neural plasticity
- Synapses are specialized structures that mediate rapid and efficient signal transmission between neurons and are surrounded by glial cells. Astrocytes develop an intimate association with synapses in the central nervous system (CNS) and contribute to the regulation of ion and neurotransmitter concentrations. Together with neurons, they shape intercellular space to provide a stable milieu for neuronal activity. Extracellular matrix (ECM) components are synthesized by both neurons and astrocytes and play an important role in the formation, maintenance, and function of synapses in the CNS. The components of the ECM have been detected near glial processes, which abut onto the CNS synaptic unit, where they are part of the specialized macromolecular assemblies, termed perineuronal nets (PNNs). PNNs have originally been discovered by Golgi and represent a molecular scaffold deposited in the interface between the astrocyte and subsets of neurons in the vicinity of the synapse. Recent reports strongly suggest that PNNs are tightly involved in the regulation of synaptic plasticity. Moreover, several studies have implicated PNNs and the neural ECM in neuropsychiatric diseases. Here, we highlight current concepts relating to neural ECM and PNNs and describe an in vitro approach that allows for the investigation of ECM functions for synaptogenesis.
Author: | Egor DzyubenkoGND, Christine GottschlingGND, Andreas FaissnerORCiDGND |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-57730 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5214961 |
Parent Title (English): | Neural plasticity |
Subtitle (German): | contributions of neural extracellular matrix and perineuronal nets |
Document Type: | Article |
Language: | English |
Date of Publication (online): | 2018/06/27 |
Date of first Publication: | 2016/01/05 |
Publishing Institution: | Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsbibliothek |
Tag: | Open Access Fonds |
Volume: | 2016 |
First Page: | 5214961-1 |
Last Page: | 5214961-14 |
Note: | Article Processing Charge funded by the Open Access Publication Fund of Ruhr-Universität Bochum. |
Note: | Neural plasticity, Artikelnummer 5214961 |
Dewey Decimal Classification: | Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / Biowissenschaften, Biologie, Biochemie |
open_access (DINI-Set): | open_access |
faculties: | International Graduate School of Neuroscience (IGSN) |
Licence (English): | Creative Commons - CC BY 4.0 - Attribution 4.0 International |