Pharmacological investigations in glia culture model of inflammation
- Astrocytes and microglia are the main cell population besides neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes support the neuronal network \(\it via\) maintenance of transmitter and ion homeostasis. They are part of the tripartite synapse, composed of pre- and postsynaptic neurons and perisynaptic astrocytic processes as a functional unit. There is an increasing evidence that astroglia are involved in the pathophysiology of CNS disorders such as epilepsy, autoimmune CNS diseases or neuropsychiatric disorders, especially with regard to glia-mediated inflammation. In addition to astrocytes, investigations on microglial cells, the main immune cells of the CNS, offer a whole network approach leading to better understanding of non-neuronal cells and their pathological role in CNS diseases and treatment. An \(\textit {in vitro}\) astrocyte-microglia co-culture model of inflammation was developed by Faustmann et al. (2003), which allows to study the endogenous inflammatory reaction and the cytokine expression under drugs in a differentiated manner. Commonly used antiepileptic drugs (e.g., levetiracetam, valproic acid, carbamazepine, phenytoin, and gabapentin), immunomodulatory drugs (e.g., dexamethasone and interferon-beta), hormones and psychotropic drugs (e.g., venlafaxine) were already investigated, contributing to better understanding mechanisms of actions of CNS drugs and their pro- or anti-inflammatory properties concerning glial cells. Furthermore, the effects of drugs on glial cell viability, proliferation and astrocytic network were demonstrated. The \(\textit {in vitro}\) astrocyte-microglia co-culture model of inflammation proved to be suitable as unique \(\textit {in vitro}\) model for pharmacological investigations on astrocytes and microglia with future potential (e.g., cancer drugs, antidementia drugs, and toxicologic studies).
Author: | Fatme Seval IsmailORCiDGND, Franco CorvaceGND, Pedro FaustmannORCiDGND, Timo Jendrik FaustmannORCiDGND |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-87308 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.805755 |
Parent Title (English): | Frontiers in cellular neuroscience |
Publisher: | Frontiers Media |
Place of publication: | Lausanne |
Document Type: | Article |
Language: | English |
Date of Publication (online): | 2022/03/17 |
Date of first Publication: | 2021/12/16 |
Publishing Institution: | Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsbibliothek |
Tag: | Open Access Fonds M5/M30 conditions; antiepileptic drugs (AEDs); astrocyte-microglia co-culture model; immunomodulatory drugs; inflammation; pharmacology; psychotropic drugs |
Volume: | 15 |
Issue: | Article 805755 |
First Page: | 805755-1 |
Last Page: | 805755-9 |
Note: | Article Processing Charge funded by the Open Access Publication Fund of Ruhr-Universität Bochum. |
Institutes/Facilities: | Institut für Anatomie, Abteilung für Neuroanatomie und molekulare Hirnforschung |
Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Klinik für Neurologie | |
Dewey Decimal Classification: | Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Medizin, Gesundheit |
open_access (DINI-Set): | open_access |
faculties: | Medizinische Fakultät |
Licence (English): | Creative Commons - CC BY 4.0 - Attribution 4.0 International |