Naphthalene

  • \(\bf Objective\) This cross-sectional study determined whether acute sensory irritative or (sub)chronic inflammatory effects of the eyes, nose or respiratory tract are observed in employees who are exposed to naphthalene at the workplace. \(\bf Methods\) Thirtynine healthy and non-smoking male employees with either moderate (\(\it n\) = 22) or high (\(\it n\) = 17) exposure to naphthalene were compared to 22 male employees from the same plants with no or only rare exposure to naphthalene. (Sub)clinical endpoint measures included nasal endoscopy, smell sensitivity, self-reported work-related complaints and the intensity of naphthalene odor and irritation. In addition, cellular and soluble mediators in blood, nasal lavage fluid (NALF) and induced sputum (IS) were analysed. All measurements were carried out pre-shift on Monday and post-shift on Thursday. Personal air monitoring revealed naphthalene shift concentrations up to 11.6 \(mg/m^{3}\) with short-term peak concentrations up to 145.8 \(mg/m^{3}\) and 1- and 2-naphthol levels (sum) in post-shift urine up to 10.1 mg/L. \(\bf Results\) Acute sensory irritating effects at the eyes and upper airways were reported to occur when directly handling naphthalene (e.g., sieving pure naphthalene). Generally, naphthalene odor was described as intense and unpleasant. Habituation effects or olfactory fatigue were not observed. Endoscopic examination revealed mild inflammatory effects at the nasal mucosa of exposed employees in terms of reddening and swelling and abnormal mucus production. No consistent pattern of cellular and soluble mediators in blood, NALF or IS was observed which would indicate a chronic or acute inflammatory effect of naphthalene in exposed workers. \(\bf Conclusions\) The results suggest that exposure to naphthalene induces acute sensory irritative effects in exposed workers. No (sub)chronic inflammatory effects on the nasal epithelium or the respiratory tract could be observed under the study conditions described here.

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Author:Kirsten SuckerORCiDGND, Wolfgang ZschiescheGND, Mohammed AzizGND, Tanja DrewsGND, Thomas HummelORCiDGND, Monika RaulfORCiDGND, Tobias WeißORCiDGND, Daniel BuryORCiDGND, Dietmar BreuerGND, Silke WernerGND, Claudia FriedrichGND, Jürgen BüngerORCiDGND, Dirk PallapiesGND, Thomas BrüningORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-96883
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-020-01636-0
Parent Title (English):International archives of occupational and environmental health
Subtitle (English):irritative and inflammatory effects on the airways
Publisher:Springer
Place of publication:Berlin
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2023/02/24
Date of first Publication:2021/01/19
Publishing Institution:Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsbibliothek
Tag:Acute and chronic effects; Human study; Infammation; Naphthalene; Sensory irritation
Volume:94
First Page:889
Last Page:899
Note:
Dieser Beitrag ist auf Grund des DEAL-Springer-Vertrages frei zugänglich.
Institutes/Facilities:Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung
Dewey Decimal Classification:Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / Medizin, Gesundheit
open_access (DINI-Set):open_access
Licence (English):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY 4.0 - Attribution 4.0 International